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LEARNING OUTCOMES
The aim of the course is to introduce students to the science of dental technology, through the learning and understanding of the role of morphological elements and characteristics of each of the teeth that form the dental barriers;
After the successful completion of the course, the students will be able to:
· To know the basic elements of the structure of teeth and periodontal tissues.
· To indicate the teeth present in the deciduous and permanent dentition, to describe the time of eruption of the permanent teeth, which permanent tooth rises in place of each decidine and name each tooth of permanent and decidant dentition in the FDI system.
· To recognize and describe the basic morphological characteristics of the teeth and analyze their role.
· To recognize the relationship between the form and function of the teeth.
· Describe the basic morphological differences of the permanent central-lateral upper incisor, the corresponding lower incisors, the upper-lower canines, the first-second upper and lower premolars as well as the first-second upper and lower molars.
· To identify each tooth and its characteristics, in whatever form it may encounter (sketch, effigy, natural).
· To recognize the wrong morphological elements of all teeth of permanent dentition.
· To describe the basic morphological differences of each permanent tooth.
· To render with wax, in plaster casts, the morphology of all surfaces on all permanent teeth.
· To describe and recognize the relationships of the anterothic and posterior teeth during central closure and during the functional movements of the lower jaw.
· Demonstrate that they understand the whole process of applying all the prior knowledge in dental technology.
SYLLABUS
Dental Morphology is a basic subject in the training of dental technologist and a prerequisite formally and substantially for their progress in their subsequent courses Curriculum. The course is taught theoretically and practically through a cycle of theoretical and laboratory courses. The theory and the laboratory go hand in hand in time as far as possible, so that students are taught theory and apply laboratory.
Theory:
The theoretical part of the course deals with the morphology of permanent teeth, their anatomical variations and the time of their eruption. As far as milk teeth are concerned, reference is made to their general morphological characteristics and mainly their differences with permanent teeth are highlighted.
The theoretical part, for practical and educational reasons, is offered through a cycle of 13 courses which are analyzed below:
1. General elements of dental barrier and teeth. Anatomical elements of the oral cavity.
2. Generally for teeth. Basic description of teeth, usefulness, categories of teeth, parts, surfaces and dimensions of a tooth.
3. Histology of teeth. Generation of permanent and declaruous teeth. Structure of teeth.
4. Nomenclature – Numbering of declarant and permanent teeth. A prerequisite for the proper cooperation of the Dental Technician with the Dentist is the common language of consultation, according to the international nomenclature and numbering of the individual Teeth.
5. Terminology of individual characteristics. Common features of teeth. Despite the large variation in the morphology of the teeth depending on their type, or between different individuals or breeds, there are certain features that are repeated. Knowledge of the terminology of individual structural characteristics is a basic educational need.
6. Times of eruption. The time of eruption of each tooth, decanter or permanent one varies. Of particular interest are the eruption times of the permanent teeth in the period of the mixed barrier. The involvement of the Dental Technician at this age is mainly during the construction of orthodontic machines.
7. Morphology of declaruous teeth. In this part there is a general presentation of declarant teeth, more in relation to the differences they present with permanent teeth. The purpose is to identify the type of teeth (deceiah or permanent) in a cast.
8. Central and lateral incisor of the upper jaw. Description of the morphology of the crown and the root of the central and lateral incisor of the upper jaw, emphasizing their particular characteristics.
9. Central and lateral incisor of the lower jaw. Description of the morphology of the crown and root of the central and lateral incisor of the lower jaw, emphasizing their particular characteristics.
10. Canine of upper and lower jaw. Description of the morphology of the crown and root of the canines of the upper and lower jaw, emphasizing their particular characteristics.
11. Premolars of the upper and lower jaw. Description of the morphology of the crown and root of the first and second premolars of the upper and lower jaw, emphasizing their special characteristics.
12. Molars of the upper and lower jaws. Description of the morphology of the crown and root of the first and second molar of the upper and lower jaw, emphasizing their special characteristics.
13. Morphological differences between the teeth of the upper and lower jaw and the right or left half molecule. The distinction of the teeth of the upper and lower jaw or left and right half-molecule, apart from its
practical importance, acquires particular interest from an educational point of view since it helps in the easier and deeper memorization by the student of the individual characteristics.
Laboratory:
Alongside the theoretical training, the student practices in the laboratory of dental morphology, creating all the teeth of the dental barrier in wax. In particular, students in laboratory exercises attribute, with the technique of waxing, to plaster casts, missing surfaces or parts of tooth crowns.
The laboratory exercises of the course are:
EXERCISE 1. General elements of dental barrier and teeth
EXERCISE 2. Morphological features of teeth
EXERCISE 3. Central incisor of the upper jaw.
EXERCISE 4. Lateral incisor of the upper jaw.
EXERCISE 5. Central and Lateral incisor of the lower jaw.
EXERCISE 6. Canine of the upper jaw.
EXERCISE 7. Canine of the lower jaw.
EXERCISE 8. First and second upper premolars
EXERCISE 9. First and second lower premolars
EXERCISE 10. First maxillary molar.
EXERCISE 11. First molar of the lower jaw.
EXERCISE 12. Second molars of the upper and lower jaw.
EXERCISE 13. Final practical laboratory evaluation on the content of exercises 1-12 (I)